Einstein: A genius story was the most influential physicist in the twentieth century

At this time in 1915, the scientist Albert Einstein first presented the theory of relativity in front of the Prussian Academy of Sciences.

Perhaps the most important result of Einstein's theory is that we know today, thanks to it, the components of the universe with great accuracy.We know that the ordinary matter from which everything is made around us is only about 5 percent of the universe, and about 25 percent of it is a dark substance that we do not know what it is, but we know its attributes.As for the remaining 70 percent of the universe, it is in the form of dark energy, we do not know much about it except that it pushes the universe to accelerate the spread, as does the cosmic constant that Einstein proposed in 1917..

This theory also enables us to know the history of the universe and what happened to it in its various stages, from its inception until now.The most beautiful and deepest thing that resulted from the general relative theory is that, thanks to Einstein, for the first time in our history as human beings, we scientifically understand the story of our universe.

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There are many practical applications for Einstein's theories such as the use of the global positioning system (GPS), which enables us to navigation and positioning by satellites.But his most important achievements are the intellectual achievements that enable us to understand our universe and our objective reality in depth.

What is the story of Einstein?What is the story of his theory?

The British Knowledge Department says that Albert Einstein was born on March 14, 1879 in Olmefi Wortterberg, Germany, and died on April 18, 1955 in Princeton Benio Jersey in the United States, a German physicist generated that has developed special and public theories of relativity and won the Nobel Prize.Physics in 1921 for its interpretation of the photo effect.

Einstein is generally considered the most influential physical in the twentieth century.

Einstein's parents were secular middle -class Jews.His father, Hermann Einstein, was originally a family seller, and later managed a factory.As for his mother, Pauline Koch, she was a housewife.He had one sister, Maga, who was born two years after Albert.

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He was affected in his early years with two things, the first was that he had a compass at the age of five, as he was confused from those invisible forces that lead to the deviation of the needle.The second matter occurred at the age of twelve when he discovered a book of engineering that devoured it, describing it as "the Bible Bible" book ".

Einstein became very religious at the age.

But that began to change after reading scientific books that contradict his religious beliefs.

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There was another important impact on Einstein and this was the effect on the young medical student Max Taloud (later Max Talmi), who often had dinner at Einstein's house.

Talmod became a teacher for him as he led Einstein to learn about mathematics and philosophy.

A pivotal turning point occurred in Einstein's life when he was 16 years old, as Taloud knew him of the junior science series written by Aaron Bernstein, which are simple books on physics.

Here, Einstein posed to himself the question that will dominate his thinking during the next ten years, which is..How will the light beam look like if you can run next to it?If the light is a wave, the light beam must appear steady like a frozen wave.

Einstein's education was disrupted due to his father's repeated failures.In 1894, after the parent company failed to obtain an important contract to provide Munich with electricity, Hermann Einstein moved to Milan to work with one of his relatives and left his son in an internal school in Munich to end his education.

Einstein fled six months after his parents for feeling lonely and the possibility of recruiting him in military service, which began to wave on the horizon when he was 16 years old..

His parents realized the tremendous problems facing their son as a leak from the school and escaped from military service without job skills, as his horizons were not promising.

His parents joined him in a private secondary school run by Just Wenteler in Arao, Switzerland, and graduated in 1896 to join the Zurich Federal Institute of Technology, as he abandoned his German nationality during that period.

He remained citizenship until 1901 when he obtained Swiss citizenship.He became a lifetime friend of the Wintler family, with whom he was staying.

In 1902, Einstein may have reached the lowest point in his life, when he was unable to marry his girlfriend and his colleague, Meliva Marik, who left Switzerland to her country, Serbia, after her pregnancy due to the inability of Einstein to support a family without work as his father went bankrupt..

Einstein worked in that period in a modest job to teach children, but even that job was expelled from it.

The turning point came later that year, when his friend Marcel Grossman's father managed to nominate him for the position of writer at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern.

Einstein's position in the patent office was a blessing, as it quickly finishes analyzing patent requests to have time to study and unleash his dreams and scientific aspirations..

private life

With a small but fixed income for the first time, Einstein felt sufficiently confident to marry Meliva Marik, which he did on January 6, 1903.

At that time, Einstein's father suffered a serious illness and a little before his death blessed his son's marriage to Meliva Marik.

But were there problems for their marriage?

"His mother strongly opposed their marriage," is the interpretation that Hanoush Ghatfindi, one of the authors of the book "Einstein on Einstein: Reflections on his CV and Scientific".

"She even warned him that (Meliva) would be a disaster..The load outside the scope of marriage was a major scandal at the time..

Ghatfinnd reveals that the two were fond of each other.Their relationship is likely to start when Einstein was twenty -third, and Meliva was nineteen.

The two were studying physics at the Zurich Federal Institute of Technology, as Meliva was the only student in the class, and the second woman graduated in the Department of Mathematics and Physics.

Walter Isaxon, author of "Einstein: his life and the universe", says that Einstein's speeches reveal the strength of his feelings towards Meliva as much as he reveals his mother's rejection of her..

He wrote in one of his speeches: "My parents love as if I died.They repeat the complaint that I brought the shame to myself with my sincerity to you.They think you are not in good health. ".

But Einstein went to his heart.He wrote to Meliva during her pregnancy, he promises that he will be a good husband."The only remaining problem in front of us is to find a way to stay for Lieser (their nascent daughter) with us.I do not want to give it up..

Lieser, the first daughter of Albert Einstein and Meliva Marik, was born in 1902, and they are not married yet.

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Rosenkranz says that the fate of this daughter is unknown..Her memory was lost in her father's history..

Einstein learned well how difficult he has a "illegitimate child" in society, especially for a person who wants to become a general official with a great deal.

It seems that Einstein did not see his daughter permanently, when the date of Meliva returned to Switzerland, Lezerl left her relatives in Serbia.

Rosenkranz also says that some journalists and historians "went to Serbia and tried to trace the Lezerl and research any official documents, records or papers, but their attempts were unsuccessful.".

He added: "The last mentioned to her was at the age of two, as she had a severe fever, and we do not know if she lived after her.".

And the disappearance of any mention of Leserle after that raised a lot of speculation.Maybe they offered her to adopt, and maybe she died.We do not know "Rosenkranz said.

It is most likely that Einstein, who died in 1955, did not tell anyone about his daughter.

Even the "Einstein Documents" team did not know the existence of the daughter before 1986, when they discovered part of his correspondence with Meliva.

By 1903, Meliva returned to Serbia, and they married, and in the following year, they were provided with their son Hans Albert.As for their son Edward, he was born in 1910 after the family moved to Zurich.

Einstein remained very sad, when he remembered that his father died while he thought he was a failure.

The tragedy of the younger son

There was also another sad story in his life related to his younger son.

"I think Einstein has found it difficult to adapt to his son's mental illness," says Ziyev Rosenakranz, editor -in -chief of the Einstein Documentary project..

Edward, or Titi as they called it, was the youngest of Einstein's sons.

The family was concerned about his physical health since his childhood, as his mental health problems did not appear until he became an adult.

"His life was very tragic," Rosenkranz told the BBC..

When he was infected with pneumonia in 1917, Einstein wrote to one of his friends: "My younger son's healthy condition makes me a lot of frustration.".

Despite this, "Edward excelled in his studies, and he was interested in the arts, organizes poetry and plays the piano" as stated in the book "Einstein Encyclopedia".

Edward was involved in discussions with his father about music and philosophy, which Einstein said that he revealed to him that his son "exerts his mind about important matters in life".

With Einstein's indulgence in his work, his relationship with Meliva deteriorated severely.What has made matters worse is his emotional relationship with his cousin, Elsa.

By 1914, the family lived in Berlin, but crises managed to marry, most of them because of Einstein's hateful style in dealing with Meliva, which led her to return to Switzerland.

The divorce took place in 1919, but Ghatfarwind says that Einstein's distance from his children was difficult for him, and he tried to maintain his relationship with his two sons..

Rosenkranz also indicated that "he was a greatly loving father.".

Edward Einstein dreamed of becoming a psychiatrist, and he was interested in Sigmund Freud's theories.

He was studying medicine when he was deposited in a psychiatric clinic in Switzerland in 1932, which is the age of twenty -second.His condition was diagnosed in 1933 as a schizophrenia.

Ghatfind says this is "a lot of Einstein's wound".

And one of his speeches stated: "The best son, who I consider more similar to my personality, has a healing mental illness.".

In 1933, as Nazism increased in Germany, Einstein was forced to leave for the United States.

After his departure from Germany, "Einstein visited his son Edward for the last time.As stated in Einstein's Encyclopedia: "A father and his son will never meet after that.".

During this period, Meliva was the main responsible for Edward's sponsorship.And when symptoms intensified - and perhaps her illness also agreed - it should have been deposited.

After her death in 1948, Einstein used a paid -paid -paid, making the necessary arrangements for Edward.

"I don't think there are any correspondence between the son and the father throughout these years," said Rosenkrans..

According to Isaxon, Edward was not allowed to migrate to the United States because of his mental state.

Edward spent his last years in a psychiatric clinic, until he died after a heart attack in 1965 at the age of 55.

Pride in the Great Son

As for the older son Hans Albert, he studied civil engineering at the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich.

Einstein boasted his son in a 1924 speech, in which he wrote, "My son Albert became a man with skills and capabilities.".

Hans Albert graduated in 1926, and by 1936 he became a doctor in technical sciences.

In 1938, Hans Albert immigrated to the United States on the advice of his father, and continued his studies there to specialize in geological deposits movement.

In a speech written by Albert Einstein in 1954, he greatly praised his son Hans, saying that he inherited from him "the main feature of his personality, which is the ability to outperform the normal effort by insisting on devoting all his capabilities to achieve a non -personal goal.".

But there were differences between them, as the father did not agree to the wife that Hans Albert chose.

Meliva agreed with Albert Einstein in this position, but Hans Albert insisted on his position and married the jurisprudence of the language, Farida Knish in 1927.

Over time, Albert Einstein accepted his son's decision and welcomed Farida - who gave birth to three grandchildren - in his family.

According to Ghatfind, despite the continuation of communication and visits, Hans Albert and his father are Ashkebidin on each other..The first remained on the western coast of the United States, while the second lived on the eastern coast at Princeton University.

He added that Albert Einstein had started a new life with his second family consisting of Elisa and her two daughters from a previous marriage.

After the death of Ferida in 1958, Hans Albert married biochemistry Elizabeth Robouz, who remained with him until his death in 1973 after a heart attack, at the age of 69 years..

Isaacon says Einstein once told Meliva..

But if one of them is the son of a famous unpleasant world, it is not easy.

Edward himself once wrote: "Sometimes it is difficult for one to have a father of this importance, because he makes him feel small.".

As for Hans Albert, who was born before his father published the theory of relativity, when he asked him about his feeling as a son of a scientist with this fame, he said: “The matter would be hopeless if I did not learn to laugh at the face of harassment since my childhood.” Then he elaborated in explaining what makes his father exceptional.

Theory of relativity

In a short speech by the famous Irish writer, George Bernard Shaw, he delivered in honor of the scientist Albert Einstein in 1930, it was stated that "Napoleon and great men like him built empires, but Einstene and his ilk built complete universes, without eliminating one drop of the blood of their human brothers.".

Einstein began working on this idea in 1907 and was still working in the patent office in Bern.

But the serious work on this theory began upon leaving the patent office in 1909 to take over as a professor at Zurich University, and he began to develop the idea until it was presented to the Prussian Academy in 1915.

Einstein's intellectual achievement is unique, as the deep physical theory and mathematical beauty (from mathematics) are unprecedented in the history of modern sciences..The starting point for this theory came from an idea that came to Einstein in 1907, describing it as "the happiest idea in his life".

And that idea, which came when he was sitting in his office and saw from his window workers working on the surface of the opposite building, is that the bodies during their fall are in the state of weightlessness.That is, the lack of weight is equivalent to free fall, as is the case with astronauts, they move under the influence of gravity when they rotate around the Earth.

One of the main principles of his theory, known as the "principle of parity",.The other principle in his theory is the principle.

This small idea that he reached with his unbridled imagination and the driving thought led to a complete coup in physics and its understanding of nature.

Einstein completed his theory working at the University of Berlin during the years of World War I.Einstein opposed this war severely at a time when the German national feeling was in the faces of − as was the case in other European countries at the time.

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Einstein considered this war a failure of the human civilization and challenged his entire society by refusing to support the war, bearing accusing some of them of betrayal.This position shows Einstein's human status, not only scientific.

In 1933, as Nazism increased in Germany, Einstein was forced to leave for the United States.

"When Norfolk, Norfolk, hid a dual life of Oliver Loker Lampson", said: "Einstein has become a refugee, because he was a Jew, educated and very hostile to Nazism, he became the first enemy of the German Republic under Hitler's rule.".

Therefore, living in Germany was "very dangerous to him, so he had to find another place".

After his stay at a secret location in Britain for a while during which he was a guest of Oliver Loker-Lamsu, a former military in the British Navy during the First World War and a member of Parliament later, the Nobel Prize-winning world went to 1921, to the United States where he asked for asylum and lived there for the restHis life.

The relationship between gravity and the engineering of the place

In order to get a simplified idea about the relationship between gravity and engineering the place in general relative theory, we will resort to the following metaphor:

Imagine a tidy bed covered with an elegantly elongated scoff on his face.The surface of this flat sheet is like a flat vacuum engineering.

Think now what happens if some small balls with different weights are placed separately on the surface of the sheet.These balls will change the nature of the sheet surface, as they will form cavities around them, so that heavy balls create deeper cavities compared to light balls.

This is similar to what is happening in general relativity. The presence of the material produces curves and cavities in the engineering of the vacuum just as the balls that we put on the face of the flat sheet.On the other hand, if we rolled a very small ball on the surface of the winding sheet, it will not go in a straight line, but will follow the bends and cavities on it, just as the geometry of time affects the movement of bodies.

Einstein was creative in asking questions that combined science and philosophy.In his research, he has always answered deep questions, and his answers have always been distinguished by her elegance and beauty, but at the same time, too, by the ambition of her imagination and challenge to prejudices and acceptable ideas.Even when he made a mistake in objecting to a specific theory carried by his peers, he added to that theory a lot, as soon as he asked deep questions about it, forcing them to deepen more in their understanding of their theory.

Einstein is not only the great physicist, but the man who challenged his community to oppose the war.He is the humble genius with a light shadow, and above all the human being who lived during two wars that killed millions and destroyed countries and entire societies, but they did not succeed in distorting his humanity and thought.

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