Nuclear Emergency -- Difference between nuclear plant accidents, atomic bomb and radiation exposure-Palestine

Since the declaration of Russian nuclear deterrent forces, their willingness in the event of alert, and Russia targeted nuclear energy stations and facilities in Ukraine, many questions have been raised about the differences between the types of weapons and nuclear facilities, the impact of each of them and its risks, as the effect of the bomb explosion differs from the nuclear plant, from exposure to radiation from the devicesThe improvised nuclear, and the American CDC Center (CDC) has explained the difference between it in detail, which we summarized in this report:

The difference between nuclear emergencies

Radiological bomb (dirty bomb)

What is the atomic bomb?

The radiological bomb is a mixture of explosive materials, such as dynamite, with powder or radioactive granules and is also known as the radiation dispersal.

Of nuclear emergencies of the atomic bomb explosion - Istock

The radiation bomb does not cause a nuclear explosion similar to the explosion of the improvised nuclear system or nuclear weapon, and in the event of its explosion, the explosion carries radioactive materials that pollute the surrounding geographical area.

What is the main danger to the atomic bomb?

The explosion caused by a radiological bomb may cause serious injuries and severe damage to property.

The people close to the explosion site will also be sufficiently sufficiently exposed to the seriousness of them with serious pathological repercussions.However, dust and radioactive smoke can spread away and poses a threat to health if people inhale it or eat foods or water contaminated with radiation.

An accident at a nuclear station

Nuclear power plants are committed to the global safety and security procedures and are closely monitored by the Nuclear Organizational Committee (NRC), and yet an accident at a nuclear power plant may lead to dangerous levels of radiation over the surrounding area (the escalation of a radiological smoke column).

What are the main risks of an accident at a nuclear power plant?

The radioactive materials in the smoke column emitted from the nuclear power plant can settle and pollute buildings, food, water and livestock and inflict injuries to people if they are in public places.

Radioactive substances may also enter the body in the event that a person is inhaled, eating food, or drinking water contaminated with radiation, and people who live near a nuclear facility may suffer from radiation, from long -term health effects such as cancer.

What are the best methods of protecting from an accident at a nuclear station?

من حالات الطوارئ النووية An accident at a nuclear station – iStock

For those who live near a nuclear facility, he can obtain emergency cases information from the energy company that runs this local nuclear establishment or the local emergency services office, and generally;If an accident occurs at a nuclear power plant, the best thing you can do is enter a closed place, stay inside and follow the instructions of emergency officials.

Red exposure device (Red)

What is the radiological exposure device?

Radio sources can be hidden, so that people are exposed to radiation without their knowledge.These devices are called "radiological exposure devices" or "hidden sources".

Radiation exposure devices can be hidden in public places (for example, under the subway seats, dining places or crowded corridors).People sitting near the location of the radiological exposure device may be at the risk of radiological injury.

What are the main risks of the radiological exposure device?

The risks of the radiological exposure device depend on:

Type and amount of radioactive material.

The duration of the person is near the device.

Any part of the body may be exposed to radiation.

For people who are exposed to high levels of radiation, they may develop symptoms of acute radiation syndrome or suffer from radiation burns, and the health effects caused by radiation may take hours, days or weeks until their symptoms appear and range from light to severe effects, such as cancer or death.Some people may also escape any harmful health effects.

Therefore, law enforcement officials must be informed immediately if a suspected device is found.Stay as far as possible from this suspected device.If the officials assert that it is one of the radiological exposure devices and you think you have been subjected to it, follow the directives of emergency officials and contact your doctor.

What are improvised nuclear devices (IND)?

The nuclear emergency includes a nuclear weapon or an improvised nuclear device, and the nuclear explosion results in huge waves of heat, light, air pressure and radiation, and the nuclear bombings are caused by radioactive materials carried by winds for long distances.

What are the main risks of improvised nuclear devices?

The improvised nuclear devices cause massive destruction and resulted in huge numbers of dead and injured, as well as other extensive effects.

People close to the explosion site may be exposed to many risks that include:

Injury or death (as a result of the explosion).

- Medium to severe burns.

Blinding blindness.

Radiation poisoning, and it is also called "acute radiation syndrome".

Food pollution and water sources.

The best way to protect the same person in the event of an improvised nuclear device is to enter a closed place and follow the emergency instructions.

Radioactive material transmission incidents

Radioactive materials are transported in trucks, railways, and other shipping means, and charges containing large quantities of radioactive materials should be accompanied by documents, posters and signs that are known that the charge is radioactive.

What are the main risks of a transport accident that involves radioactive materials?

The main risks of transport accidents are radioactive materials in contact with these radioactive materials, but it is very unlikely that these accidents cause injuries or diseases related to radioactive pollution, as emergency officials have urgent plans to respond safely to such incidents.

من حالات الطوارئ النووية Radioactive material transmission incidents – iStock

ما هي أفضل أساليب الحماية من Radioactive material transmission incidents؟

Of course, immediate report must be reported when any transport accidents involved radioactive materials, and it is important to stay away from the location of the accident as much as possible, and not touching anything from the transfer of the transferred container.

Work accidents in nuclear facilities

Places of work, such as health care facilities, research institutions, and various manufacturing operations, are used by one of the radiation sources, but if these radiological sources are used wrongly or an imbalance in security and safety standards, accidents may occur.

How does a work accident that includes radioactive materials causes damage to people's health?

The health effects caused by work accidents may range from radioactive materials from very serious health effects to no effects at all, based on several factors:

– Type and amount of radioactive material.

- The proximity of radioactive materials.

The duration of the person is near the place of the radioactive material or the extent of its accumulation inside the body.

– Any part of the body may be exposed to radiation.

What are the best accidents protection methods in nuclear facilities?

If you work in a profession that uses a radiation sources, you should be aware of safety precautions and procedures and complete the required occupational health and safety exercises.

You must inform safety officials immediately in the event of any work incidents that involve radioactive materials, and it is important to keep staying as far as possible from the accident site, and if you think you have been radiant, follow the safety officials instructions and contact your doctor.